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ArticleName Rational design patterns for artificial ice cluster construction at bottoms of mined-out kimberlite pits by means of layer-by-layer water filling
DOI 10.17580/gzh.2024.02.04
ArticleAuthor Khokholov Yu. A., Kiselev V. V., Soloviev D. E., Shabaganova S. N.
ArticleAuthorData

Chersky Institute of Mining of the North, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Yakutsk, Russia

Yu. A. Khokholov, Leading Researcher, Doctor of Engineering Sciences, khokholov@igds.ysn.ru
V. V. Kiselev, Senior Researcher, Candidate of Engineering Sciences
D. E. Soloviev, Senior Researcher, Candidate of Engineering Sciences

 

Mirny Polytechnic Institute–Division of the Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Mirny, Russia
S. N. Shabaganova, Associate Professor, Candidate of Engineering Sciences

Abstract

The article presents the rational design patterns and calculated durations for the construction of a wanted-thickness ice cluster by layer-by-layer water fill in minedout pits in the permafrost zone with a view to creating a manmade lake of process water above the layer of pit wall slides. The manmade ice cluster of the wanted thickness is meant for placement of drilling equipment and freezing facilities for freezing watercut slides toward construction of a frozen wall of high load-bearing capacity. The experience gained in construction of different-purpose frozen walls in the permafrost conditions, using a simple and low-cost technology, at high reliability and efficiency of the structures is described. The mathematical model of the artificial ice cluster construction by layer-by-layer water fill takes into account the heat exchange with air, the air temperature, the air flow velocity at the pit bottom, the phase transitions in moisture, the freezing temperature, the single layer thickness and the nonstationary thickness of the ice cluster. The ice clustering technology options are calculated depending on the start time of construction, the single layer thickness and the temperature of phase transitions in moisture. It is proved that the layer-by-layer water fill method is capable to create an ice cluster of a wanted thickness in a single cold season. The increase in the thickness of single layer of water fill and the higher salt content of water substantially extend the period of the ice cluster creation. It is emphasized that it is critical to implement freezing-up in due time, starting from the beginning of a cold season (November). A delay can bring deficiency of time for creating an ice cluster of a wanted thickness, which is proved by calculations.
The research was carried out using equipment (instrumentation, facilities, infrastructure, etc.) of the Center for Shared Use of the Yakutsk Science Center, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Grant No. 13.CKP.21.0016.

keywords Mined-out pit bottom, ice cluster, layer-by-layer water fill, heat exchange, phase transition temperature, mathematical modeling, permafrost zone
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