Russian State Geological Prospecting University, Moscow, Russia:

O. S. Bryukhovetskiy, Head of Center of Scientific, Technical and Environmental Evaluation of Mining and Geological Operations, Doctor of Engineering Sciences, Professor, bos.rggru@mail.ru
A. K. Korsakov, Head of a Chair, Doctor of Geological-Mineralogical Sciences

Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University), Moscow, Russia:
S. B. Savilkin, Associate Professor, Candidate of Physico-Mathematical Sciences

The authors prove sustainability of relationship between gold ore presence in greenstone pre-Cambrian cratons and thermal processes inducing hydrothermal circulation of multicomponent water solutions in the earth crust. Modeling of filtration convection and the associated mineralization has been rested upon the following assumptions: country rock is saturated with water down to a great depth; fluid in the upper part of the crust is a multicomponent mineralized solution; nonuniform heating of the solution generates filtration thermoconvection of the fluid owing to different densities of the solution layers; at each point in rocks there is local thermodynamic equilibrium between liquid (solution) and solid (rock) phases; when the solution flows the rocks and the solution exchange matter, which results in redistribution of matter and origination of ore clusters. The analysis of thermal fields in fluid-saturated rock mass and stable thermal convection of the solution using the proposed mathematical model helps identifying areas with the higher geothermal gradients in the earth crust. This is very interesting from the viewpoint of geology as it is reflective of correlation between these areas and mineral occurrences. This is especially typical of strategic minerals (gold, silver, copper, polymetals) when circulation of hydrothermal solutions is primarily governed by conductive transfer of heat while convective transfer plays negligible role. The designed model of filtration thermoconvection of ore-bearing solutions makes it possible to substantiate a criterion to evaluate ore presence in continental lithosphere in the capacity of the higher geothermal gradient and to forecast various rank metallogenic taxons, including ore bodies and ore deposits, more soundly.

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