VNII Galurgy Stock Co., St. Petersburg, Russia:

A. V. Paskina, Leading Researcher, Candidate of Engineering Sciences, timofeev@galurgy.spb.ru
+Yu. S. Safrygin, Head of Laboratory, Candidate of Engineering Sciences

In the 1970s in the VNII Galurgy the research was conducted and evaporation technology of sylvinite solutions based on the differences in the temperature dependence of the solubility of the main components of solution - potassium and sodium chlorides was developed. The solubility of sodium chloride is mainly determined by the water content in the system and is only slightly dependent on the temperature. The solubility of potassium chloride, in contrast, is determined primarily by the temperature and increases with temperature increasing. During evaporation of water from sylvinite solution into the solid phase would crystallize primarily sodium chloride. While the aim of the research was to obtain during the processing of sylvinite ore, along with the potassium chloride, the salts of higher food qualities. Flowsheet provided evaporating of the part of the mother liquor after vacuum-crystallization to yield common salt. The process have been developed for recycling of excessive solutions by means of their evaporating in a counter-current evaporation unit producing suspension the liquid phase of which is saturated with potassium chloride and sodium chloride, at the temperature of its (suspension) boiling. The suspension which is being formed is combined with overflow from dissolving units, then combined and thickened saline slime is removed from the process and combined clarified saturated solution is sent to the stage of potassium chloride vacuum crystallization. The process enables to eliminate liquid effluent and loss of mineral value along with excessive solutions, thus, in its turn, enabling to lower the rate of ore consumption for manufacturing the product. Elimination of liquid effluent into a slime depot (storage) while producing potassium chloride is an important environmental aspect in the developed process.

1. Safrygin Yu. S., Paskina A. V., Buksha Yu. V. Tekhnologiya proizvodstva galurgicheskogo khloristogo kaliya v Rossii i Belarusi (Manufacturing technology for hot-leached potassium chloride in Russia and Belarus). Gornyi Zhurnal = Mining Journal. 2007. No. 8. pp. 25–30.
2. Lipnitskiy V. K., Trofimov V. P., Morozov V. P. Podzemnyy sbros izbytochnykh rassolov na kaliynykh predpriyatiyakh (Underground dumping of surplus brines at potassium enterprises). Aktualnye voprosy pererabotki prirodnykh soley : Trudy VNIIG (Urgent problems in natural salt processing : VNII Galurgy Transactions). Saint Petersburg : LIK, 2001. Vol. 1. pp. 202–206.
3. Rylnikova M. V., Angelov V. A., Turkin I. S. Osobennosti tekhnologicheskikh i konstruktivnykh resheniy po utilizatsii otkhodov dobychi i pererabotki rud v vyrabotannom prostranstve rudnikov (Peculiarities of technological and design solutions on utilization of ore mining and processing wastes in mine goaf). Izvestiya vuzov. Gornyy zhurnal = News of the Higher Institutions. Mining journal. 2015. No. 2. pp. 59–66.
4. Shemet S. F., Stromskiy A. S., Shemyakina M. G. Osnovnye napravleniya utilizatsii shlamovykh otkhodov kaliynogo proizvodstva Belarusi (Main trends in recycling of slime wastes of potassium prodiction in Belarus). Gornyi Zhurnal = Mining Journal. 2012. No. 8. pp. 72–76.
5. Poliksha A. M., Kuznetsov N. V., Lipnitskiy V. K. et al. Sposob podzemnogo zakhoroneniya izbytochnykh rassolov kaliynykh predpriyatiy (Method for underground burial of surplus brines from potassium enterprises). Patent RF, No. 2188955. Applied: February 11, 2000. Published: September 10, 2002. Bulletin No. 25.
6. Borzakovskiy B. A., Rusakov M. I. Tekhnologiya razmeshcheniya shlamov v podzemnykh gornykh vyrabotkakh v geotuby (Technology for slime placing in underground mine workings into geotubes). Gornyi zhurnal = Mining journal. 2015. No. 3. pp. 91-94.
7. Plans for updating of potassium operations in Spain. Fertilizer Focus. 2011. May/June.pp. 22–23.
8. Brazilian potassium production on the up. Fertilizer Focus. 2001. No. 10. pp. 26–31.
9. Increase in recovery at Cleveland potassium. Transactions of the Institution of Mining and Metallurgy. 2001. Vol. 110, January-April. pp. 55-60.
10. Rusakov M. I. Ispolzovanie otkhodov proizvodstva v prigotovlenii sostavov tverdeyushchey zakladki dlya effektivnogo ispolzovaniya zapasov kaliynogo mestorozhdeniya (Use of production waste for preparation of solidifying backfill stowing compounds in order to efficiently use potassium deposit reserves). Rudnik budushchego = The Mine of the Future. 2011. No. 3. pp. 83-85
11. Churov V. A., Shemet S. F., Shutin S. G. Prirodookhrannye sposoby razmeshcheniya otkhodov kaliynogo proizvodstva (Environmental protection methods for disposal of potassium production wastes). Gornyi Zhurnal = Mining Journal. 2010. No. 8. pp. 86–88.
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14. Der Sevilla-Prozess – Untertageverwertung ist beste verfügbare Technik. Kali und Steinsalz. 2014. Heft 1. pp. 6-11
15 Bewertung der mittel-bislangfristigen Perspektiven von UTV und UTD in Deutschland für die Entsorgung von Abgasreinigungsrückständen. Kali und Steinsalz. 2014. Heft 2. pp. 34–41.
16. Vyazovov V. V., Savvatin Yu. N., Rutkovskaya T. I. Kompleksnaya pererabotka silvinitov (Comprehensive processing of sylvinites). Tekhnologiya pererabotki kaliynykh soley i prirodnykh rassolov : Trudy VNIIG (Processing technology for potassium salts and natural brines: VNII Galurgy Transactions). Leningrad, 1973. Iss. 63. pp. 64–70.
17. Savvatin Yu. N. Vliyanie dobavok poliakrilamida na inkrustatsiyu greyushchikh poverkhnostey pri vyparke solevykh rastvorov (Effect of polyacrylamide additives on incrustation of heating surfaces with saline solution evaporating). Tekhnologiya pererabotki kaliynykh soley i prirodnykh rassolov : Trudy VNIIG (Processing technology for potassium salts and natural brines: VNII Galurgy Transactions). Leningrad, 1973. Iss. 63. pp. 104–115.
18. Savvatin Yu. N. O chistote povarennoy soli, poluchaemoy metodom vyparivaniya matochnykh shchelokov silvinitovykh khimfabrik (About the purity of sodium chloride produced by means of evaporating mother liquors in sylvinite chemical plants). Tekhnologiya i oborudovanie dlya pererabotki silvinitovykh i silvin-karnallitovykh rud : Trudy VNIIG (Technology and equipment for processing sylvinite and cylvine-carnallite ores : VNIIG Transactions). Leningrad, 1975. Iss. 75. pp. 11–17.
19. Safrygin Yu. S., Paskina A. V., Buksha Y. V., Timofeev V. I., Osipova G. V., Rutkovskaya T. I. Sposob polucheniya khloristogo kaliya (Potassium chloride production method). Patent RF, No. 2500620. Applied: May 04, 2012. Published: December 10, 2013. Bulletin No. 34.