College of Mining, National University of Science and Technology—MISIS, Moscow, Russia:

B. V. Ekvist, Professor, Doctor of Engineering Sciences, borisekwist@mail.ru
M. G. Gorbonos, Professor, Candidate of Engineering Sciences

The article is focused on methods to reduce seismic impact of blasting. The data on consumption of explosives and non-electric initiation systems of domestic and foreign manufacture are given. Delay tolerances for blasting caps are estimated, and causes of simultaneous firing of blasts in groups with different delays are analyzed. The blasting pattern in a specific block is discussed, and potential schemes of firing charges from different groups are considered. The authors report data on measured seismic effect on rocks under blasting with non-electric initiation system. The procedure proposed for calculating delay intervals allows minimized blast-induced load and enhanced mining safety. The procedure is based on the analysis of blast seismograms recorded at a distance of 150–200 m from a blast. A seismogram is divided into a set of ranges with respect to the amplitude. After determining peak velocities in each range, the range with the maximum number of the velocity peaks (the highest repetition frequency) is selected; it fits the number of charges of the highest repetition frequency. These values are used to calculate the seismicity coefficient. Then, the highest velocity amplitudes are picked up, and the weight of a charge generating such velocities is determined. In case that the weights of charges exceed the calculated values, delay intervals between the groups of charges in the next block to be blasted are increased until the weight of charges producing the maximum velocity values equals the calculated data.

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