St. Petersburg State Mining University (St. Petersburg, Russia):

K. Yu. Shakhnazarov, Cand. Eng., Ass. Prof., the Chair of Material Science and Technology of Art, Objectskaren812@yandex.ru

E. I. Pryakhin, Dr. Eng., Prof., Head of the Chair of Material Science and Technology of Art Objects, mthi@spmi.ru

"Phenomenon of structural inheritance" is used by industry, although the "transmission mechanism of hereditary characters to melt, their preservation, origination of new features in this melt and their transfer to hard metal are all the complicated, largely unexplored questions" (Baum, Hasin, Tyagunov). It is shown that transmission of information encoding from the melt to austenite and then to martensite or to ferrite-cementite mixture requires a mechanism, which nature is not clear, although the correlation of properties given in this paper is unambiguous. Anomalies in the properties of non-alloyed hypoeutectoid steel melts at ~0,5%C, established in different studies, are considered as additional arguments for presence of an intermediate phase ~Fe₄₂C, manifesting itself in a well-known qualitative changes of the structure and properties of solid state (martensite, ferrite, austenite, ferrite-cementite mixture). Anomalies in properties is more important practically in comparison with crystal geometrical signs of presence of the third phase. These signs can be very rarely detected, for example, in InZn₈ or Pt₄Al phases. (Perhaps "Fe₄₂C phase" is a convenient designation of anomalies in properties of both states at ~0,5%C), in the same way as "FeAl₃ phase". An attempt was made to link the significant effects - extremes and bends of the curves of properties at ~0,5%C melt, austenite, ferrite and martensite-cementite mixture. This attempt was undertaken with different genealogy of iron atoms to the left and to the right of point B (0.5%C) and point O (0.5%C) at the diagram Fe–C by D. K. Chernov.

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