Kyrgyz-Russian Slavic University, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan:

A. R. Abdiev, Associate Professor, Candidate of Engineering Sciences, abdiev_arstan@mail.ru
R. Sh. Mambetova, Associate Professor, Candidate of Engineering Sciences
Sh. A. Mambetov, Professor, Doctor of Engineering Sciences

Mountains cover more than 93% of the territory of Kyrgyzstan. Nearly the entire Republic lies inside one of the world’s greatest mountain system – Tyan-Shan. In terms of the territory of the Republic, 5.9% occur at the elevation to 1000 m, 22.4% – at the elevation from 1000 to 2000 m, 30.9% – from 2000 to 3000 m and 40.8% – at the elevation above 3000 m. The region is a true storehouse of natural resources. At the same time, the mining and geological conditions of the Tyan-Shan are extremely unique and feature a rugged topography, with deep roughness, glacial morphology, high slope gradients (>40–55°) and the considerable altitude of ridges elevating for more than 5000–7000 m above sea level. The highest peaks within the Republic are the Pobeda Peak (7439 m) and Tengri Khan (6995 m). Rock mass under mining and mine construction features difficult ground conditions, with the extremely nonuniform occurrence of elements, complex structures, diverse ages, lithology, genesis and physical properties. Moreover, the region experiences high seismicity and natural stresses. The value and nature of the stress field distribution in the rock mass depends on the depth and physical properties of rocks, as well as on the relief and tectonics. Experience of mining and mine construction shows that the rock mass stress state is not to the full extent included in mine planning or in meeting individual operational challenges. This affects the ecology in the territory of mining impact and the mining efficiency. Efficient and safe mining and mine construction requires that the data on the natrual strsss state of rock mass are available as early as the mine planning stage. This is ensured with the assistance of the zonal and stagewise assessment of state of the rock mass using the approach developed by the present article authors. The structural and mechanical characteristics of the Tien-Shan are studied. Based on the study results, the orientation of the principal normal stresses is determined for the geomechanical assessment of state of the high-altitude rock mass and waterworks.

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