National University of Science and Technology (Moscow, Russia):

P. V. Petrovsky, Cand Eng., e-mail: pavelpv@inbox.ru
V. V. Chevirikin, Cand. Eng., e-mail: chevirikin80@rambler.ru
P. Yu. Sokolov, e-mail: sokolov@misis.ru

All-Russian Institute of Light Alloys (Moscow, Russia):
A. A. Davidenko, e-mail: aleksandr_davidenko@oaovils.ru

The studies of the process to obtain cellular structures from stainless 03Kh16N15M3 (316L) steel by the selective laser melting method (SLM) have been presented. The dependences of the microstructure and mechanical properties on the geometry of two types of cellular structures with a calculated volume of voids from 50 to 70 %: body-centered with vertical spacers and the «honeycomb» type have been investigated. Sample size was 10 × 10 × 10 mm. Depending on the geometry of the honeycomb structures, different course of the deformation curves and different values of the yield strength take place. A sample with the volume of voids equal to 70 % demonstrated the minimum yield strength value. When the difference in the volume of voids is 40 %, resulting from the use of the spacer of different width, the yield strength of the samples may differ by 3-5 times. It is shown that when comparing the mechanical properties of a cellular body-centered structure with vertical spacers and the “honeycomb” structure in the absence of a difference in the volume of voids, the maximum load with a deformation degree of 50 % for a “honeycomb” sample is 1.5 times lower than that of a sample with the body-centered structure with vertical spacers.
The study was financially supported by the RF Ministry of Education and Science in the framework of the agreement № 14.578.21.0210 dated 03.10.2016, unique № RFMEFI 57816X0210.

1. Yan Ch., Hao L., Hussein A. et al. Advanced lightweight 316L stainless steel cellular lattice structures fabricated via selective laser melting. Mater. Des. 2014. Vol. 55. pp. 533–541.
2. Alsalla H., Hao L., Smith Ch. Fracture toughness and tensile strength of 316L stainless steel cellular lattice structures manufactured using the selective laser melting technique. Mater. Sci. Eng. 2016. Vol. 669. pp. 1–6.
3. Dumas M., Terriault P., Brailovski V. Modelling and characterization of a porosity graded lattice structure for additively manufactured biomaterials. Mater. Des. 2017. Vol. 121. pp. 383–392.
4. Köhnen P., Haase Ch., Bültmann J. et al. Mechanical properties and deformation behavior of additively manufactured lattice structures of stainless steel. Mater. Des. 2018. Vol. 145. pp. 205–2017.
5. Ivanov D., Travyanov A., Petrovskiy P. et al. Evolution of structure and properties of the nickel-based alloy EP718 after the SLM growth and after different types of heat and mechanical treatment. Additive Manufacturing. 2017. Vol. 18. pp. 269–275.
6. Wang X., Xu Sh., Zhou Sh. et al. Topological design and additive manufacturing of porous metals for bone scaffolds and orthopaedic implants: A review. Biomaterials. 2016. Vol. 83. pp. 127–141.
7. Xiao Z., Yang Y., Xiao R. et al. Evaluation of topology-optimized lattice structures manufactured via selective laser melting. Mater. Des. 2018. Vol. 143. pp. 27–37.
8. Travyanov A., Petrovskiy P., Cheverikin V. et al. Investigation of the influence of geometry and technological parameters of production on the structure and properties of spherical cellular structures obtained by selective laser melting. J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 2018. Vol. 1109.
9. Travyanov А. Ya., Dub А. V., Petrovsky P. V. et. al. Study of mechanical properties of cellular structures from 03Kh16N15MZ stainless steel depending on parameters of an elementary cell. Chernye Metally. 2018. No. 10. pp. 59–63.
10. Travyanov А. Ya., Petrovsky P. V., Cheverikin V. V. et. al. Study of strategies for forming articles with cellular structures from stainless steel by the selective laser melting method. Metallurg. 2018. No. 11. pp. 60–66.
11. Yadroitsev I., Gusarov A., Yadroitsava I. et al. Single track formation in selective laser melting of metal powders. Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 2010. Vol. 210. pp. 1624–1631.
12. Leary M., Mazur M., Elambasseril J. et al. Selective laser melting (SLM) of AlSi12Mg lattice structures. Mater. Des. 2016. Vol. 98. pp. 344–357.
13. GOST 5632–72. High-alloy steels and corrosion-proof, heat-resisting and heat treated alloys. Grades. Introduced: 01.01.1075.
14. GOST 20899–98. Metallic powders. Determination of flowability by means of a calibrated funnel: Hall flowmeter. Introduced: 01.07.2001.
15. GOST 19440–94. Metallic powders. Determination of apparent density. Part 1. Funnel method. Part 2. Scott volumeter method. Introduced: 01.01.1997.