Journals →  Tsvetnye Metally →  2021 →  #5 →  Back

MATERIALS SCIENCE
ArticleName Influence of copper microalloying components and deformation conditions on the structure and physical and mechanical properties of blanks for collector profiles
DOI 10.17580/tsm.2021.05.07
ArticleAuthor Tolstobrov A. K., Shatalov R. L., Agafonov A. A., Zernova O. A.
ArticleAuthorData

Moscow Polytechnic University, Moscow, Russia:

R. L. Shatalov, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, e-mail: mmomd@mail.ru

 

JSC Kirov plant for processing of non-ferrous metals, Kirov, Russia:
A. K. Tolstobrov, Chief Metallurgist, e-mail: tolstobrovak@gmail.com
A. A. Agafonov, Deputy Chief Engineer - Head of Technical Department
O. A. Zernova, Head of the Central factory laboratory

Abstract

The tasks of increasing the reliability and increasing the resource of DC machines are urgent. One of the reasons for the need to repair DC machines after operation is the wear of the collector. The processes occurring during operation during the interaction of the brushes and the collector under load are considered to be complex and difficult to predict due to the participation of electric current in the process. To increase the resource and reliability of the collector-brush assembly, it is necessary to work out the design of the assembly rationally and choose the materials of the collector and brushes, taking into account the manufacturability of manufacture. For the machines used, it is promising to replace the used materials with others that can increase the resource and reliability, without reducing the main characteristics. Profiles made of copper and copper-based alloys in the solid state, obtained by pressing and drawing, are used as blanks for the manufacture of collectors. An increase in the wear resistance of such profiles may be associated with an increase in the strength characteristics. One of the methods for increasing the strength characteristics is the microalloying of copper with elements that influence on the structure, or allow hardening heat treatment. Alloys based on copper, which can be obtained in the conditions of plants for the processing of non-ferrous metals, which are used in collector assemblies of electrical machines are of great interest. Samples from the presented microalloyed copper-based alloys are studied: CuCd1, CuCr0.7, CuSnAg, CuSnTe and CuZr0.4, obtained by technology (hot and cold stamping) similar in deformation-rate modes to the technology (pressing and drawing) of collector profiles production, manufactured in the conditions of the Kirov Non-Ferrous Metals Processing Plant (JSC “KNFMP”). Microstructural analysis of the samples was carried out. The Vickers hardness, electrical resistivity and relative wear resistance were determined. The highest value of wear resistance was obtained for specimens of CuZr0.4 alloy. On the basis of the data obtained, recommendations were issued for the prospective use of the studied alloys as a material for collectors of electrical machines in order to increase their resource by increasing the wear resistance of the collector profile.

keywords Wear resistance, copper, microalloying, cold-deformed profile, collector of DC electric machine, deformation, microstructure, physical and mechanical properties
References

1. GOST 859–2001. Copper. Grades. Introduced: 01.03.2002. Moscow : IPK Izdatelstvo standartov, 2003.
2. Nikolaev А. К., Kostin S. А. Copper and heat-resistant alloys: encyclopedic glossary: fundamental reference book. Moscow : Izdatelstvo DPK Press, 2012. 720 p.
3. Osintsev О. Е., Fedorov V. N. Copper and copper alloys. Domestic and foreign grades: reference book. Moscow : Mashinostroenie, 2004. 336 p.
4. Raykov Yu. N., Ashikhmin G. V., Polukhin V. P., Gulyaev А. S. Copper alloys. Grades, properties, application: handbook. Moscow : Institut Tsvetmetobrabotki, 2011. 456 p.
5. Tretyakov А. V., Zyuzin V. I. Mechanical properties of metals and alloys at metal forming: handbook. 2nd edition. Moscow : Metallurgiya, 1973. 224 p.
6. Smiryagin А. P., Smiryagina N. А., Belova А. V. Industrial non-ferrous metals and alloys: handbook. 3rd edition. Moscow : Metallurgiya, 1974. 488 p.
7. Avilov V. D., Ismailov Sh. К. Method for rationing the quality of switching in traction electric machines. Izvestiya Transsiba. 2012. Vol. 10, No. 2. pp. 2–6.
8. Bekishev R. F., Kachin S. I., Borovikov Yu. S. Improvement of electric machines of electric drive systems. Izvestiya Tomskogo politekhnicheskogo universiteta. 2003. Vol. 306, No. 3.
9. Kharlamov V. V., Popov D. I., Baysadykov М. F. Determination of intensity of wear of electric brushes of DC collector machines taking into account the impact of the collector profile. Proceedings of the III International Scientific and Technical Conference. Omsk, 2019. pp. 302–309.
10. GOST 7657–84. Charcoal. Specifications. Introduced: 01.01.1986. Moscow : IPK Izdatelstvo standartov, 1984.
11. GOST 546–2001. Copper cathodes. Specifications. Introduced: 01.03.2002. Moscow : IPK Izdatelstvo standartov, 2001.
12. GOST 860–75. Tin. Specifications. Introduced: 01.01.1977. Moscow : IPK Izdatelstvo standartov, 1975.
13. GOST 1467–93. Cadmium. Specifications. Introduced: 01.01.1997. Moscow : IPK Izdatelstvo standartov, 1996.
14. GOST 4515–93. Copper phosphorous alloys. Specifications. Introduced: 01.01.1997. Moscow : IPK Izdatelstvo standartov, 1996.
15. GOST 2999–75. Metals and alloys. Vickers hardness test by diamond pyramid. Introduced: 01.07.1976. Moscow: IPK Izdatelstvo standartov, 1975.
16. GOST 21073.0–75. Non-ferrous metals. Determination of grain size. General requirements. Introduced: 01.07.1976. Moscow: IPK Izdatelstvo standartov, 1975.
17. GOST 23.208–79. Ensuring of wear resistance of products. Wear resistance testing of materials by friction against loosely fixed abrasive particles. Introduced: 01.03.1981. Moscow : IPK Izdatelstvo standartov, 1979.
18. GOST 3647–80. Abrasives. Grain sizing. Graininess and fractions. Test methods. Introduced: 01.01.1982. Moscow : IPK Izdatelstvo standartov, 1980.
19. GOST 6456–82. Abrasive paper. Specifications. Introduced: 01.01.1983. Moscow : IPK Izdatelstvo standartov, 1982.
20. Borovikov V. P. Ppular introduction to modern data analysis in the Statistica system. Moscow, 2019. 288 p.
21. Izotov A. I., Bespalov V. Ya., Mamaev G. A., Timoshenko V. N. et al. Brush-wear reduction in high-altitude direct-current motors. Russian Electrical Engineering. 2018. Vol. 89, No. 2. pp. 93–97.
22. Deeva V., Slobodyan S. Nanolayer in brush collector contact under Joule heating. Applied Surface Science. 2020. Vol. 500. 143999.
23. Philippov V., Sidorov O., Sidorova E. Methods for assessing the wear of elements of contact pairs in high-speed motion. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing. 2020. Vol. 1115. pp. 990–999.
24. Zhang S., Kang H., Li R., Guo E., Chen Z. et al. Microstructure evolution, electrical conductivity and mechanical properties of dual-scale Cu5Zr/ZrB2 particulate reinforced copper matrix composites. Materials Science. 2019. Vol. 762. 38108.
25. Weiwei S., Xiaojing X., Shengrong L., Jiafei P., Xiaole G. Effect on the wear resistance of copper alloy surface modification layer by FSSP implan ting W Particles. Materials Transactions. 2019. Vol. 60, No. 5. pp. 765–769.

Language of full-text russian
Full content Buy
Back