NUST MISiS, Moscow, Russia:

N. A. Chichenev, Professor, Chair for Process Equipment Engineering, Doctor of Technical Sciences, e-mail: chich38@mail.ru
A. O. Karfidov, Head of the Chair for Process Equipment Engineering, e-mail: a.korf@mail.ru
O. N. Chicheneva, Associate Professor, Chair for Computer-aided Engineering and Design, Candidate of Technical Sciences, e-mail: chich38@mail.ru

Vyksa branch of NUST MISiS, Vyksa, Russia:

T. Yu. Gorovaya, Deputy Director of the Branch for Educational and Methodological Work, e-mail: gorovaia.ti@vfmisis.ru

One of the important problems in the design and operation of the electroplastic deformation mill is the reliability and uniformity of the supply of powerful electric current to the deformation zone. The high density of the electric current and the uneven distribution of it leads to a different manifestation of the effect of electroplasticity along the width of the strip, an uneven temperature field, and as a result, to a decrease in the quality of the finished product. To evaluate various current supply circuits, a discrete model is proposed, in which the work rolls and the rolled strip are presented as combinations of lumped resistances. The model was used when considering four main circuits for supplying electric current to the rolls of the electroplastic deformation strip mill: straight one-sided, diagonal onesided, direct two-sided, diagonal two-sided. For all circuits, formulas were obtained for calculating the electric currents flowing in the center of the strip and along its edges. The dependences obtained using the developed model show that the greatest non-uniform distribution of electric current across the width of the rolled strip occurs with a direct one-sided current supply. At the same time, its undoubted advantage over other options is a simpler design. Diagonal single-sided and both variants of double-sided current supply (according to this model) give the same results. The main disadvantage of these options is the need to supply electric current from both sides of the rolling mill. Regardless of the selected current supply option, it is necessary to minimize the ratio of the electrical resistances of the roll materials and the deformed material. In particular, this can be achieved by increasing the diameter of the work roll, as well as by choosing a roll material with high electrical conductivity. The model for supplying electric current to the work rolls and recommendations for reducing the uneven distribution of current across the width of the strip are used in the design of electroplastic deformation mills.

1. Karpachev D. G., Doronkin Е. D., Tsukerman S. А., Taubkin М. B., Knyazeva А. I. Refractory and rare metals and alloys: reference book. Moscow : Metallurgiya, 1977. 238 p.
2. Savitskiy Е. М., Burkhanov G. S., Povarova К. B., Jenn G., Hertz G. et al. Refractory metals and alloys. Moscow : Metallurgiya, 1986. 352 p.
3. Chelnokov V. S., Blinkov I. V., Anikin V. N., Volkhonskiy A. О. Application and properties of refractory metals. Moscow : Izdatelskiy dom “MISiS”, 2011. 115 p.
4. Osintsev О. Е.Metal science of refractory metals and alloys based on them: textbook. Moscow : Mashinostroenie, 2013. 156 p.
5. Ospennikova О. G., Podyachev V. N., Stolyankov Yu. V. Refractory alloys for new technology. Trudy VIAM. 2016. No. 10. pp. 55–64.
6. Pavlov I. М., Gurevich Ya. B., Shelest А. Е. et. al. Study of some conditions of hot rolling of molybdenum in vacuum, argon atmosphere and in air. Tsvetnye Metally. 1964. No. 12. pp. 236–265.
7. Krupin А. V., Solovyev V. Ya. Plastic deformation of refractory metals. Moscow : Metallurgiya, 1971. 281 p.
8. Kolikov А. P., Polukhin P. I., Krupin A. V., Potapov I. N. et. al. Technology and equipment for processing refractory metals. Moscow : Metallurgiya, 1982. 328 p.
9. Gorbayuk S. М. Study of the influence of helical rolling parameters on the surface quality of bars obtained from billets of refractory metals. Tsvetnye Metally. 2000. No. 11-12. pp. 108–110.
10. Shapoval А. N., Gorbayuk S. М., Shapoval А. A. Severe forming processes for tungsten and molybdenum. Moscow : Izdatelskiy dom “Ruda i Metally”, 2006. 356 p.
11. Spitsyn V. I., Troitskiy О. А. Electroplastic deformation of metals. Moscow: Nauka, 1985. 160 p.
12. Gromov V. Е., Zuev L. B., Kozlov E. V., Tsellermayer V. Ya. Electrostimulated plasticity of metals and alloys. Moscow : Nedra, 1996. 289 p.
13. Troitskiy О. А. Electroplastic effect in metals. Chernaya metallurgiya. Byulleten nauchno-tekhnicheskoy i ekonomicheskoy informatsii. 2018. No. 9. pp. 65–76.
14. Melnikova N. V., Khon Yu. А. On the theory of electroplastic deformation of metals. Fizicheskaya mezomekhanika. 2000. Vol. 3, No. 5. pp. 59–64.
15. Minko D. V. Analysis of the prospects for the use of the electroplastic effect in metal forming processes. Lityo i metallurgiya. 2020. No. 4. pp. 125–130.
16. Albagachiev A. Yu., Keropyan A. M., Gerasimova A. A., Pashkov A. N. Mathematical models of temperature in electric discharge rolling of metals. CIS Iron and Steel Review. 2021. Vol. 21. pp. 43–46. DOI: 10.17580/cisisr.2021.01.07.
17. Ruszkiewicz B. J., Grimm T., Ragai I., Mears L. et al. A review of electrically-assisted manufacturing with emphasis on modeling and understanding of the electroplastic effect. Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering. 2017. Vol. 139, No. 11. p. 110801.
18. Nguyen-Tran H., Oh H., Hong S., Han H. N. et al. A review of electrically-assisted manufacturing. Int. J. Precis. Eng. Manuf. Green Technol. 2015. Vol. 2, No. 4. pp. 365–376.
19. Guan L., Tang G., Chu P. K. Recent advances and challenges in electroplastic manufacturing processing of metals. J. Mater. Res. 2010. Vol. 25, No. 7. pp. 1215–1224.
20. Jones J. J., Mears L. Constant current density compression behavior of 304 stainless Steel and Ti – 6Al – 4V during electrically-assisted forming. ASME Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering. 2011. Paper No. MSEC2011-50287. pp. 629–637.
21. Hong S., Jeong Y., Chowdhury M. N., Chun D. et al. Feasibility of electrically assisted progressive forging of aluminum 6061-T6 alloy. CIRP Ann. Manuf. Technol. 2015. Vol. 64, No. 1. pp. 277–280.
22. Tang G., Zhang J., Yan Y., Zhou H., Fang W. The engineering application of the electroplastic effect in the cold-drawing of stainless steel wire. J. Mater. Process. Technol. 2003. Vol. 137, No. 1. pp. 96–99.
23. Egea A. J. S., Rojas H. A. G., Celentano D. J., Peiro J. J. Mechanical and metallurgical changes on 308L wires drawn by electropulses. Mater. Des. 2016. Vol. 90. pp. 1159–1169.
24. Xu D., Lu B., Cao T., Zhang H. et al. Enhan cement of process capabilities in electrically-assisted double Si ded incremental forming. Mater. Des. 2016. Vol. 92. pp. 268–280.
25. Valoppi B., Egea A. J. S., Zhang Z., Rojas H. A. G. et al. A hybrid mixed double-sided incremental forming method for forming Ti6Al4V alloy. CIRP Ann. Manuf. Technol. 2016. Vol. 65, No. 1. pp. 309–312.
26. Xie H., Dong X., Peng F., Wang Q. et al. Inves tigation on the electrically-assisted stress relaxation of AZ31B magnesium alloy sheet. J. Mater. Process. Technol. 2016. Vol. 227. pp. 88–95.
27. Liu R., Lu B., Xu D., Chen J. et al. Development of novel tools for electricity-assisted incremental sheet forming of titanium alloy. Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol. 2016. Vol. 85, No. 5. pp. 1137–1144.
28. Kasatkin А. S., Nemtsov М. V. Electrical engineering : textbook for universities. Moscow : Vysshaya shkola, 2003. 542 p.
29. Bessonov L. А. Theoretical foundations of electrical engineering. Electrical circuits. Moscow : Gardariki, 2002. 638 p.
30. Pasechnik N. V., Zarapin Yu. L., Chichenev N. А. Production of a precision strip from hard-to-deform materials by electroplastic deformation: textbook. Moscow : Metallurgiya, 1997. 250 p.
31. Physical quantities. Directory. Edited by S. I. Grigoryev, Е. Z. Meylikhov. Moscow : Energoatomizdat, 1991. 1232 p.