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BENEFICIATION PROCESSES
ArticleName Design of new gravity concentration devices
DOI 10.17580/or.2022.05.02
ArticleAuthor Zashikhin A. V.
ArticleAuthorData

Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology SB RAS (Krasnoyarsk, Russia):
Zashikhin A. V., Researcher, Candidate of Engineering Sciences, obog2006@yandex.ru

Abstract

This paper covers certain areas of application of hydraulic classification for separating particles by density and grain size. The results of respective studies are presented with the aim of developing a fundamentally new approach in the field of gravity concentration, and namely, in hydroclassification in relatively still water. It is shown that chamber-type hydraulic classifiers used in the study have low efficiency due to the irregularity of the horizontal carrier flow, which variates by a factor of up to 60 in depth and along the length of the device. The paper describes the main difference distinguishing the proposed new approach from the traditional ones, which consists in organizing hydraulic classification with a uniform horizontal carrier flow without flow rate changes in the separation zone. A uniform horizontal carrier flow, implemented in a rather original way in a number of new patented hydraulic classifiers and a magnetic fluid separator, allows producing continuous lateral hydrodynamic pressure on the settling and/or suspended particles, equally along the height and length of the separation zone. The article provides the basic equation for calculating the speed of a horizontal carrier flow by the characteristics of the lightest particle in the mix being separated, taking into account the correction for the deviation in its settlement trajectory from a straight line during soaring. It is shown that a classification efficiency of 98.6 % or more may be obtained at cutoff sizes of 0.2 and 0.044 mm, and the values of the Hancock–Luyken criterion may exceed 97 % with a recovery of 98 %.

keywords Gravity separation, hydraulic classification, hydraulic separator, magnetic fluid separation, uniform carrier flow, classification efficiency, Hancock–Luyken criterion
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