Dobretsov Geological Institute, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulan-Ude, Russia:

S. S. Sanzhanova, Junior Researcher, Candidate of Engineering Sciences, Sanzhanova7@rambler.ru

Environmental pollution with acid mine waters remains a challenge for the sustainable development of the mining industry. The article describes the experimental treatment of mine drain water at the Dzhida tungsten–molybdenum deposit in the Republic of Buryatia to remove metal ions and suspended solids using local natural materials. The natural materials were selected to be rocks from the adjacent deposits, namely, montmorillonite clay, zeolite-containing tuff, limestone, volcanic slag, serpentine, calcite, quartzite, coal and coal ash. It is concluded that the neutralizing ability of these materials is the determining factor in the removal of metal ions by means of precipitation of hydroxides. Lead ions are removed almost totally, while tungsten ions are removed worse. Further, it is found that strength characteristics of mordenite-containing tuff, volcanic slag, serpentine, calcite and quartzite enable using them as filtering materials. Since removal of suspensions from mine water in columns was more efficient with zeolite-containing tuff and volcanic slag, the latter were included in the experiments to select the optimal fractions and water flow rate. In the dynamic mode, zeolite-containing tuff demonstrated the higher retention capacity of metal ions of zinc, tungsten, cadmium and copper. To assess saturation of the filtrate with the elements from the matrix of zeolite-containing tuff and volcanic slag after contact with distilled water, the chemical analysis of the aqueous extract was carried out using the ICP-MS method. It was revealed that Na ions were leached in the greatest amount, while the leached amount of Mg, Al, K, Ca, Ti, Fe, B, Mn, P, Rb, Zr, Li, V, Cu, Zn, Ga, Se, Nb, Mo, Cs , Ba, Sn, W, Pb, Be, Sc, Co, Ni, Ge, As, Cd, Sb, Re, Tl, Bi, Th and U was smaller. In the contact of zeolite-containing tuff with 20 % water solutions of chlorhydric acid as against distilled water and alkaline solutions, removal of aluminum and silicon ions of zeolite framework was the least.

The work was carried out within the framework of the state task of the Geological Institute of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (project АААА-А21-121011890033-1).

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