Санкт-Петербургский горный университет императрицы Екатерины II, Санкт-Петербург, Россия:

В. Ю. Бажин, заведующий кафедрой металлургии, докт. техн, наук, профессор, эл. почта: bazhin_vyu@pers.spmi.ru

Н. А. Гордевнин, магистрант кафедры металлургии, эл. почта: s222647@stud.spmi.ru

Получение алюминиевых лигатур с редкоземельными металлами широко изучается многими учеными в области цветной металлургии. Важной задачей является поиск альтернативных скандию редкоземельных элементов, способных полностью или частично его заменить, при этом сохранить физико-химические характеристики алюминиевых сплавов, определяющих их использование в передовых отраслях промышленности. Двойная лигатура алюминий – иттербий является перспективной легирующей и модифицирующей добавкой к алюминиевым сплавам, что обусловлено доказанной эффективностью влияния иттербия на структуру и свойства алюминиевых сплавов за счет образования интерметаллических частиц Al₃Yb. Изучены параметры микроструктуры лигатур Al – Yb с разным содержанием иттербия, полученных методом металлотермического восстановления солевых расплавов. На основании термодинамического анализа, с учетом образования алюминидов Al₃Yb в интервале температур 750–760 ^oC, при времени выдержки 15–20 мин методом алюминотермического восстановления во фторидно-хлоридном расплаве YbF₃ – NaF – KCl синтезированы двойные лигатуры Al – Yb, содержащие 3 и 6 % (мас.) иттербия. Методом электронно-сканирующей микроскопии установлено, что такие лигатуры состоят из равноосных дендритов алюминия α-Al и эвтектики Al + Al₃Yb, с включениями алюминидов Al₃Yb, расположенных на межфазных границах и в объемах эвтектики. Установлено, что форма и дисперсность структурных составляющих лигатуры Al – Yb зависит от содержания иттербия. 

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