Republican Academic Research and Design Institute of Mining Geology, Geomechanics, Geophysics and Surveying—RANIMI, Donetsk, Russia
A. V. Antsiferov, Head of Research, Doctor of Engineering Sciences, Professor
V. V. Tumanov, Head of Department, tum-v@yandex.ru
L. A. Novgorodtseva, Senior Researcher, Candidate of Geological Sciences
D. S. Borodin, Researcher

The complex tectonic structure of the southwestern Donbass, determined by the presence of intersecting and contiguous multidirectional thrusts, creates conditions for numerous mosaic zones of fracturing—traps for methane. When conducting mining operations, encountering such traps leads to outbursts of coal, gas and rock, so the task of mapping fracture zones inside rock masses is relevant for predicting and preventing such outbursts. To date, it is found that the use of surface, underground and borehole seismic exploration is necessary to increase the reliability of geological and geotechnical forecasts of outburst hazard. At the same time, various modifications of microseismic monitoring are being tested in the Donbass in order to localize sources of rock destruction under the influence of coal seam mining. The article analyzes the results of microseismic monitoring carried out at the Kalinovskaya–Vostochnaya Mine. It is found that the signals measured on ground surface are caused by a complex multi-wave field formed under the action of manmade impacts, Rayleigh waves and lunar–solar tides. For the theoretical study of the processes of interaction between oscillations of elastic waves, the main analytical solutions are reviewed, which makes it possible to determine the magnitude of displacements of soil particles on the surface of an elastic half-space of various densities. In a data array of three-component seismic records oriented to the north, east and perpendicular to ground surface, the attributes are identified, which allows estimating total fracturing of coal–rock mass at the measurement point. The conclusion is made about the acceptable presence of induced processes that create longitudinal elastic vibrations inside rock masses during measurements of microseisms on ground surface, and about the physical validity of using a surface Rayleigh wave to detect fracture zones.

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