| Abstract |
Open pit mining involves high risk because of complex geological structure of an object being mined, which requires selecting optimal solutions for the stability control of pitwall rock mass. The article discusses creation of a block geological–geomechanical model of the Kentobe iron ore deposit for the efficient solving of problems in mining and geomechanics, including geology and structure of the deposit, large faults, types of rocks, hydrology, geomechanical behavior of rock mass, physical, mechanical and strength properties of rocks, methods of slope stability estimation and pitwall rock mass control. The digital model of the deposit permanently gets updating in the course of mining, in the form of mapping of fractures and their elements, sizes of rock blocks, as well as geometry of slopes and pitwall. The block model helps assess stress state of pitwall rock mass during mining and assists with calculations of volumes of mineral extraction and overburden removal. The modeling results are used in planning and optimization of mining operations, in drilling and blasting pattern design, including the number and arrangement of charges, the length and inclination of blastholes, as well as the process flow diagrams of wall control blasting to provide quality slope surfaces both in hard and in clayey rocks within project limits. The block modeling of an open pit mine field enables introduction of different pitwall monitoring systems for the prompt detection of changes in rocks mass toward the requisite measures to be undertaken to ensure safety of mining operations. |
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