Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia, B. N. Yeltsin (Yekaterinburg, Russia)

I. M. Berdnikov, Post-Graduate, ilia1998-04@mail.ru

Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia, B. N. Yeltsin (Yekaterinburg, Russia)¹ ; Ural State Mining University (Yekaterinburg, Russia)²
V. S. Velikanov^1,2, Doctor of Engineering Sciences, Associate Professor

The article analyzes the impact of geotechnical solutions in underground mining on the safety of transport operations in the conditions of limited space, in particular when using automated transport systems. The study covers a comprehensive assessment of the requirements of Russian and international standards that impose strict safety requirements on underground transport. The geomechanical processes that condition wall rock convergence in mines in case of different methods of heading, from shield sinking to drilling and blasting technology, are considered. The central conclusion of the work is that reducing the cross-section of a mine roadway by 15–20 % to reduce economic costs leads to a critical increase in the sensitivity of the structure to deformations: at an expected convergence of 30–40 cm, the design margin may completely disappear, which makes operation impossible. The mechanisms of long-term degradation of mine support system and lining, including sulfate corrosion, are analyzed: at a sulfate concentration of 100–500 mg/l, the loss of concrete strength reaches 20–30 % in 5–10 years of operation. A four-level classification system for geotechnical risks is developed, which makes it possible to quickly assess condition of a particular mine. An essential innovative component of the research is machine learning methods for predicting deformations of boundaries in mine roadways at a high coefficient of determination, which provides the possibility of adaptive control of transport operations. Specialized practical requirements are substantiated for the safety systems for autonomous guided trolleys when operating under conditions of convergent wall rocks in a roadway at the limited lateral clearances of less than 0.5 m.

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