It is shown that deviation rate of results of single measurement of mechanical properties from some “ideal” curve, known for polycrystalline beryllium, characterizes not only degree of heterogeneity of its structure but also efficiency of beryllium products usage. Existence of correlation between homogeneity of structure and thermal strength of products from polycrystalline beryllium was explored experimentally. Negative influence of heterogeneity of chemical compound (impurities) on the value of mechanical properties is also demonstrated.