IM UB RAS, Yekaterinburg, Russia:

A. D. Sashurin, Head of Geomechanics Department, D. Eng., e-mail: sashour@igduran.ru

In the article the historical information about formation in the Mining Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences of scientific geomechanics school which have passed from the middle of the twentieth century a way of scientific cognition of processes and the phenomena in a rock massif accompanying working out of deposits is resulted. Development of scientific school was based on actual problems of geomechanics in sphere of development and operation of deposit, including in mineral-raw, power and building complexes. In mining scientific researches have been concentrated to safety and efficiency of working out of deposits opened and underground in the ways from influence of mining pressure, processes subsidence of rocks, seismic influence of explosions on buildings and constructions. A special place in school activity occupied fundamental and applied researches of sources, the reasons and the mechanism of development of accidents of natural-technogenic character.
The basic stages of knowledge of the nature and laws of formation of the intense-deformed condition of rocks in natural of conditions and in areas of influence of technogenic activity are allocated: dependence of the initial is intense-deformed condition of rocks on gravitational forces and tectonic processes; cyclic polyharmonious character of change of the is intense-deformed condition in time; discrete distribution of parameters of stress and deformations in hierarchically block environment of the rocks at the expense of process of self-organizing of secondary structural blocks.
One of the basic modern achievements of the scientific school is discovery of interrelation of natural-technogenic accidents with the modern geodynamic movements, expanded practical application of results of researches from mining on other areas technogenic activity. An exit on actual problems of the present:
— the forecast and prevention of natural-technogenic accidents
— provide to the scientific school good prospects of development in the scientific and practical plan.

The article is made ready on the results of investigations performed within the framework of the RF Ministry of Education and Science grant No. 02. 740.11.0722 and the UB RAS Presidium grant No.12-E-5-2050.

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