Institute of Mining, Ural Department of Russian Academy of Sciences (Ekaterinburg, Russia):

Sashurin A. D., Head of Department, Doctor of Engineering Sciences, е-mail: sashour@igd.uran.ru

Balek A. E., Leading Researcher, Doctor of Engineering Sciences, е-mail: balek@igduran.ru

North-Eastern Federal University named after M. K. Ammosov (Yakutsk, Russia):

Markov V. S., Associate Professor, Candidate of Engineering Sciences, е-mail: marko-valeri@mail.ru

Due to the basic system of underground development of «Trubka Udachnaya» deposit, there was projected the system of level forced failure with the single-stage excavation, areal release and delivery of ore by the self-moving loading-delivery transport, with the formation of safety cushion of overburden rocks and near-edge area muck on the open pit’s bottom. As the main objects of geomechanical control, there were defined:
-near-edge rock massif, at the junction of open-cast and underground mining, including the pit edges and safety cushion on the Eastern and Western ore bodies;
-underground openings on the exploitation horizons (–365 and –320 m), in their intersection with the potentially movable zones of active tectonic dislocations;
-combined fastener (anchors and net) on those excavation places of the horizons on –365 and –320 m, which will be exposed to the intensive formation of cutter breaks.
The three-dimensional laser scanning is suggested as the basic method of monitoring measurements of the displacements and deformations of rock massif on the open pit edges, on the surface of ore-rock cushion, and on the contours of underground excavations. For the purpose of the advanced probing of rock massif, there is recommended the complex of geophysical methods, including the spectral profile shooting and georadar probing. There is planned to hold the laser scanning from several stations. Before the survey startup, these stations are coordinated in the enterprise’s coordinate system. Transmission of coordinates to the laser scanning stations is being held from the stations of the state geodesic and supporting mine surveying system, using the GPS satellite geodesy complex. All scans are oriented into the uniform outer coordinate system, for the purpose of the joint data processing from all stations, and for the idea about the whole object, in the laboratory processing of results. Due to the control methods of the combined fastener of mine excavations (anchors and net) on the areas of intensive defrosting and cutter break forming, there are provided the checking of anchors` carrying capacity, using the hydraulic pull-out of rods, and georadar probing of near-edge rock massif in the top and rib of excavations.

This research work was held with the financial support of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russian Federation, within the project No. 2010-218-01-001 “Creation of complex innovation environmentally safe technology of extraction and processing of diamondiferous ores in the Far North”, which is being held with the participation of North-Eastern Federal University named after M. K. Ammosov and “ALROSA” JSC.

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2. Sashurin A. D., Balek A. E. Geomekhanicheskie usloviya perekhoda ot otkrytykh k podzemnym gornym rabotam na rudnike «Udachnyy» (Geomechanical conditions of the transfer from open cast mining to underground mining on the «Udachnyy» mine). Problemy i puti effektivnoy otrabotki almazonosnykh mestorozhdeniy: doklady Mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii. Mirnyy, 11–15 aprelya, 2011 (Problems and ways of the effective development of diamindiferous deposits : reports of International Scientific and Practical Conference. Mirnyy, April 11 — 15, 2011). Mirnyy : Yakutgiproalmaz, 2011, pp. 192-195.
3. Tekhnicheskiy otchet o spetsializirovannykh marksheyderskikh rabotakh po nablyudeniyu za deformatsiyami bortov karera «Udachnyy». Tsikl «Osen 2009». Otchet OOO Tsentralnoe proektno- izyskatelskoe predpriyatie «GENEZIS-TsENTR», ispolnitel: Yu. V. Shekhavtsova (Technical report about the specialized mine surveyings, for the observations from the deformations of «Udachnyy» open pit edges. Cycle «Autumn 2009». Report from the Central Project and Prospecting Enterprise «GENESIS-CENTRE», executor: Yu. V. Shekhavtsova). Moscow : 2009, 97 p.